🛡️ Sherlocked Security – Bluetooth / Zigbee / Z-Wave IoT VAPT
Your Smart Devices Might Be Chatty – Let’s Listen In
📄 1. Statement of Work (SOW)
Service Name: Bluetooth / Zigbee / Z-Wave IoT Vulnerability Assessment & Penetration Testing
Client Type: Smart Home Vendors, Industrial IoT Providers, Smart City Projects, Healthcare Device Manufacturers
Service Model: Protocol-Level Testing + Device Pentest + Firmware & App Review
Compliance Coverage: OWASP IoT Top 10, ETSI EN 303 645, FDA Pre-Market Cybersecurity (Medical IoT), NIST IR 8259
Testing Types:
- Bluetooth Classic / BLE Security Testing
- Zigbee/Z-Wave Packet Analysis & Exploitation
- Device Pairing & Authentication Weaknesses
- Replay & Downgrade Attack Simulation
- Passive Sniffing & Signal Jamming
- Firmware Reverse Engineering
- Mobile App & Cloud Integration VAPT
🧠 2. Our Approach (with Visual)
📡 Capture. Decode. Exploit. Secure.
AI Visual Flow:
[Device Recon] → [Sniff Traffic] → [Exploit Protocol Weaknesses] → [Firmware & App Testing] → [Replay or Inject] → [Impact Assessment] → [Fix Suggestion]
Color Code:
- RF & Protocol: #1a237e
- Firmware: #6a1b9a
- Cloud/App: #004d40
🧪 3. Methodology (with Visual)
[Scope Devices & Protocols] → [Sniffing & Capturing RF] → [Protocol Testing] → [Device Pairing Tests] → [Firmware + Mobile App Review] → [Exploit Simulation] → [Report & Fixes]
Visual Flow Phases:
- 📡 Radio Layer (Sniff & Inject)
- ⚙️ Firmware Layer (Reversal & Exploit)
- ☁️ Cloud/Mobile Layer (VAPT)
📦 4. Deliverables to the Client
- 📜 Protocol-level Vulnerability Report (Bluetooth/Zigbee/Z-Wave)
- 📡 Packet Captures & Analysis Notes
- 🛠️ Exploitation Proof-of-Concept (where applicable)
- 🔐 Device Pairing & Auth Bypass Analysis
- 📲 Mobile App & Cloud API Security Review
- 🧠 Recommendations by Layer (RF, Firmware, App)
- 📈 Threat Impact Heatmap
- 🏆 IoT Protocol Security Certificate (optional)
🤝 5. What We Need from You (Client Requirements)
- ✅ Target device(s) with power adapter
- ✅ Device manuals / datasheets
- ✅ Mobile apps (if private build)
- ✅ Test accounts / cloud access
- ✅ Firmware dump or update URL (if applicable)
- ✅ Approved lab testing environment (on-site/off-site)
🧰 6. Tools & Technology Stack
- 📡 RF Tools: Ubertooth One, HackRF, RTL-SDR
- 📦 Zigbee/Z-Wave: Z-Shark, KillerBee, TI Packet Sniffer
- 🔍 Protocol Analysis: Wireshark, GATTacker, BLEAH
- 🧠 Reverse Engineering: Ghidra, Binwalk, Radare2
- 📱 Mobile VAPT: MobSF, Frida, Burp Suite
- 📶 Signal Jamming & Replay: GNU Radio, custom scripts
🚀 7. Engagement Lifecycle (Lead → Closure)
1. Scope Definition → 2. RF Capture & Traffic Review → 3. Protocol Attack Simulation → 4. Firmware/Cloud/Mobile Testing → 5. Impact Assessment → 6. Remediation Plan → 7. Report Delivery & Closure
🌟 8. Why Sherlocked Security? (Our USP)
| Feature | Sherlocked Advantage |
|---|---|
| 📶 Deep RF Expertise | Tested BLE, Zigbee, Z-Wave in real-world scenarios |
| 📦 Full Stack IoT Coverage | From firmware to cloud endpoints |
| ⚠️ PoC Demonstrations | Replay, sniffing, jamming with report video/screens |
| 🔁 Retest Option | Validate fixes after patch deployment |
| 📚 Protocol-Specific Remediation | Fix guides aligned to Bluetooth SIG, Zigbee Alliance, Z-Wave specs |
📚 9. Real-World Case Studies
🧿 Smart Lock Exploitation (BLE)
Test: BLE pairing was unauthenticated
Attack: Replay unlock command sniffed & re-injected
Result: Lock opened without credentials
Fixes: Enforced LE Secure Connections, pairing PIN hardening
🌇 Smart Meter Mesh Attack (Zigbee)
Test: Zigbee mesh node with default keys
Attack: Injected spoofed node & disrupted routing
Impact: Data corruption and packet flooding
Fixes: Updated Trust Center policies, rotated network key
🛡️ 10. SOP – Standard Operating Procedure
- Device + protocol scoping
- RF sniffing & spectrum mapping
- Pairing/auth testing
- Firmware extraction & reversal
- Mobile/cloud endpoint VAPT
- Exploitation proof-of-concept
- Report generation & review
- Fix validation (optional)
📋 11. Sample IoT Protocol VAPT Checklist (Preview)
- Identify wireless protocol versions in use.
- Scan for device advertisements and metadata.
- Capture and analyze pairing processes.
- Test for replay and spoofing attacks.
- Evaluate encryption and authentication usage.
- Analyze command execution and control mechanisms.
- Attempt man-in-the-middle attacks.
- Assess firmware for wireless stack bugs.
- Test range and signal interference resistance.
- Review mobile apps interfacing with devices.